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ARKANSAS STATE BUILDING 



CATALOGUE OF EXHIBITS 



INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION 



PHILADELPHIA, 



1876. 




PHILADELPHIA: 

COLLINS, PRINTER, 705 JAYNB STREET. 

1876. 



1 



ARKANSAS STATE BUILDING. 



CATALOGUE OF EXHIBITS 



INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION 



PHILADELPHIA, 



/£ 



1876. 







PHILADELPHIA: 
COLLINS, PRINTER, 105 JAYNE STREET' 

1876. 



T*M 



OFFICIALS OF THE EXHIBITION. 



AUG. H. GARLAND, 

Governor of Arkansas. 

GEO. W. LAWRENCE, M.D., 
GEO. E. DODGE, Esq., 
U. S. Centennial Commission. 

H. L. FLETCHER, President, 

E. V. DEUELL, ) , T „ 

LOGAN H. rooTS, P ice - Presidexts ' 

JAM US M. POMEROY, Secretary, 

GORDON N. PEAY, Treasurer, 

State Advisory Board. 

CHARLES S. KEYSER, 

Superintendent. 

WM. E. ROW ELL, 
Cent. Ag't of Little Rock and Ft. Smith Railway. 

JESSE M. DILL, 
Cent. Ag't St. Louis Iron Mountain and Southern Railway. 



DANIEL BAKER, 
Janitor. 






PREFACE 



The State of Arkansas in consideration of its great mineral 
and agricultural resources, and the importance of bringing 
a knowledge of them more prominently before capitalists 
and emigrants, authorized a separate exhibit at the Inter- 
national Exhibition at Philadelphia in 1876. By an Act of 
her Legislature passed November 30, 1875, an adequate ap- 
propriation was made ; a building was erected in the Cen- 
tennial grounds, and exhibits representing her resources and 
progress collected from every portion of the State. The 
following catalogue embraces, with a short summary of the 
characteristics, capacities, and condition of the State, a list of 
the exhibits. In its preparation, the compiler acknowledges 
the services of Wm. E. Rowell, Centennial Agent of the Little 
Rock and Fort Smith Railway; Dr. G. W. Lawrence, U. S. 
Centennial Commissioner for the State; and Prof. Joseph 
Leidy, of the University of Pennsylvania, to whose careful 
revision its general correctness is largely due. 

CHARLES S. KEYSEE. 




ARKANSAS STATE BUILDING. 



INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION, 1876. 



ARKANSAS 



Arkansas' lies between the parallels of 33° and 36° 30' north 
latitude, and extends from 89° 40' to 94° 42' west longitude. It 
is bounded oil the north by the State of Missouri, on the east by 
the St. Francis and Mississippi Rivers, on the south by the States of 
Louisiana and Texas, on the west by the State of Texas and the 
Indian Territory. The area of the State is 52,198 square miles, or 
33,406,720 acres, and is one-sixth larger than New York, and about 
the same size as England. The elevated parts of the State commence 
in the southwestern part, expanding into broad undulating tracts 
toward the north and east to the Ozark Mountains, which obtain 
an elevation of from 1500 to 2000 feet. 

A line from the southwest and coursing diagonally to the north- 
east would separate the mineral wealth of the State from the rich 
agricultural lands. "Vast deposits of valuable minerals are found 
in the northern division. The rich formations of tertiary and post 
tertiary deposits in the lower divisions are not excelled in fertility 
by any known land. Exempt alike from the intense heat of the 
extreme south and the severe cold of the north, her genial climate 
and fertile soil yield in abundance the rich productions of both 
regions. The rich bottom lands will yield, under favorable culture, 
from fifty to sixty bushels of Indian corn and about four hundred 
and fifty pounds of cotton per acre, which is considered a fair 
average crop. The mountains, table lands, and vallej's, present, 
generally, a rich surface, good drainage, romantic and picturesque 
sceneiy, and a productiveness remarkable for the formations and 
latitudes. 

Climate. 

Between 30° and 40° north latitude is the most desirable belt 
known throughout North America, Europe, Asia, and Africa. It 
is the most temperate, equal, and healthful zone of latitude that 
surrounds the earth. In the precipitation of rain, refreshing 

1 Ark-an-saw is the usual pronunciation of the name. Akansas was the original 
spelling. Vide Banks' Universal Geography, 1784. 



6 

showers, dews, and wind-currents, Blodget gives the same mean, 
showing it to be the most favored clime. The precipitation at all 
seasons throughout the }'ear, owing to physical causes, is more 
equal in amount than found elsewhere in adjacent parallels. The 
normal mean temperature at Little Rock, for 18T1, was 72°.32 
Fahr. The summer mean, being the wannest season experienced 
within the past decade of years, records a temperature of 80°. 29 
Fahr. Winter mean 50°.22. The precipitation is good throughout 
the winter, with an occasional fall of snow. The mean temperature 
of the year 1871, at Little Rock, was l>3°.32 Fahr. 

Watercourses. 

Arkansas is abundantly supplied with navigable rivers, so distri- 
buted as to give access interiorly to all parts of the State. The 
great boundary on the east is formed by the mighty Mississippi. The 
St. Francis on the northeast, which rises in southeastern Missouri 
and flows through the low, undulating portions of the northeast, 
-where it intermingles with lakes, creeks, and paludal surfaces, is a 
tributary of the Mississippi. 

The White River rises in northwestern Arkansas and flows 
through the lower southwestern counties of Missouri and returns 
again to the State at its affluent, the Black River, which a fiords, 
from the confluence, almost at all seasons, navigation for a dis- 
tance of three hundred and fifty miles. White River, with its 
tributaries, gives drainage for a broad expanse of country from the 
northwestern, middle, and southeastern parts of the northern sec- 
tion of the State. 

The Arkansas River, one of the largest tributaries of the ^Missis- 
sippi, rises in the mountains of Colorado, and flows easterly for a 
distance of two thousand miles to join the Mississippi. White River 
is an affluent, flowing into it near its mouth. The Arkansas River 
bisects and drains this vast country ; it is navigable entirely across 
the State, and, during high water, beyond it, far up into the Indian 
Territory. The Ouachita, with its tributaries, drains almost the 
entire State lying south of the Arkansas River, or all that surface 
lying between it and the Red River. It is navigable two hundred 
and fifty miles. The Red River is the southwestern channel of 
drainage, and is navigable throughout its course in the State. 

The State is divided into seventy-four counties; fifty-one of 
which are watered by streams, which, with their branches, afford a 
navigable highway within the State of over three thousand miles, 
available throughout the year for internal commerce. 



Mineral Resources. 

This State can, without exaggeration, boast of her mineral de- 
posits, especially when we take into consideration the various 
kinds, their generally rich quality and enormous quantity. Here 
are magnetic, hematite, specular, carbonate, and other varieties of 
iron ore ; lead, zinc, and coal ; manganese and associate metals ; 
together with marble, gypsum, salt, kaolin, whet and hone stone, 
slate, limestone, granite, marl, paint and nitre earth. The coal 
fields of the State embrace an estimated area of twelve thousand 
square miles, and in the valley of the Arkansas River where the 
most coal mining has been carried on, the beds are from four to 
nine feet in thickness. This coal is similar in structure and appear- 
ance to the Cumberland coal of Maryland, and its quality, by 
analysis, is very similar to that famous article of fuel, and is an 
excellent steam and manufacturing coal. The Arkansas River runs 
for more than one hundred and fifty miles through this coal forma- 
tion. The hematite iron ore beds in some places cover acres of sur- 
face, and where there is an abundance of the best kinds of timber 
for making charcoal, and limestone of good quality for fluxing pur- 
poses. Never-failing, large water-powers are contiguous to these 
iron ore deposits. 

Stock Raising. 

Arkansas, owing to its climate, unfailing water, and wide grass 
range, possesses superior advantage as a grazing region, a branch 
of industry which has already become an extensive interest. The 
native grasses of Arkansas include thirty-five varieties, and grow 
luxuriantly. In addition to the grasses the cane of the bottom 
affords a nutritious range during the winter. 

In most sections of the State, cattle, horses, sheep, and mules 
thrive and keep fat the entire year, without food or care from the 
owner. Fat cattle find a ready market in St. Louis or Memphis. 
Sheep raised in Arkansas are more healthy than in the east or 
north. Wool can be delivered in New York for two cents per 
pound. No business has proved more uniformly successful than the 
judicious management of cattle and sheep. 

Cotton 

Is the great staple. The crop for 1876 is about 650,000 bales. 
worth from fifty to sixty dollars per bale. Twelve bales have been 
raised to the hand ; eight, however, being a fair average. The cotton 



8 

region embraces about nine thousand square miles, or five million 
seven hundred and sixty thousand acres, a portion of which has 
never yet been in cultivation. 

In addition to cotton, all the crops grown in the temperate zone 
are successfully raised, such as corn, wheat, oats, rye, barley, peas, 
beans, Irish and sweet potatoes, turnips, tobacco, hops, etc., also 
the different root and vegetable crops: squash, okra, egg-plant, 
beets, radish, onion, cabbage, celery, oyster-plant, lettuce, and 
tomato, 3 r ield well. Vegetables are plenty in market in April and 
last until Christmas. 

Fruit. 

All the fruits are sure of luxuriant growth, including as well the 
different kinds grown in the northern States, as those which nearly 
approach the tropics. Apples, peaches, pears, cherries, apricots, 
figs, grapes, strawberries, and other small fruits, grow luxuriantly 
in all parts of the State, and are noted for their size and flavor. In 
this climate fruit trees bear early, produce abundantly, and ripen 
their fruit in the greatest perfection, and though it may seem in- 
credible to our northern friends, the fruit crop of Arkansas has not 
been a failure for over thirty years. Owing to the fact that all 
kinds of fruit and vegetables mature and are ready for market from 
two to four weeks earlier than in the latitude of St. Louis, Mo., the 
culture of garden and orchard products for northern markets will 
always prove a source of great profit to the Arkansas agriculturist. 
The Petofski apple, from Russia, though somewhat changed in 
season, perfects itself in this climate. The fine specimens of the 
Shannon pippin, the Kentucky red, wine sap, Stevenson pippin, 
and the royal red apples, on exhibition, some of which are fifteen 
inches in circumference, are fair evidences of the crop of the State. 

The Hot Springs. 

The Hot Springs of Arkansas are among the wonders of the 
continent. They are situated about sixt}' miles southwest from 
Little Rock, and are sixty-six in number, ranging in temperature 
from 93° to 150° Fahr. They discharge over 500,000 gallons of 
water daily, sufficient in quantity to accommodate, with delightful 
bathing, 10,000 bathers every day in the year. These natural earth- 
heated waters hold in solution valuable mineral constituents. Clear- 
tasteless, inodorous, they pour forth, from the novaculite ridge, as 
pure and sparkling as the pellucid Neva. The various springs are 



qualitatively allied, not holding in solution or freighted with too 
much abusive mineral, and they are free from all noxious gases. It 
it believed that the properties of the waters, especially in the treat- 
ment of chronic hsemic diseases, are unequalled. There are no 
springs known of superior value, or that can compare with the Hot 
Springs of Arkansas, as adjuncts in the treatment of that class of 
chronic diseases. The advantages of the climate throughout the 
entire year, the pure, rarefied mountain air, the delightful waters, 
all make these springs one of the most celebrated resorts for invalids 
in the United States. 

The crude materials found bj r qualitative analysis in these waters 
are : — 

Silicates with base. Alumina, with oxide of iron. 

Bicarbonate of lime. Oxide of manganese 

Bicarbonate of magnesia. Sulphate of lime. 

Carbonate of soda. Arseniate of lime ? 

Carbonate of potassa. . Arseniate of iron ? 

Carbonate of lithia. Bromine ? 

Sulphate of magnesia. Iodine, a trace. 

Chloride of magnesia. Organic matter, a trace. 

The Mammoth Spring. 

The Mammoth Spring, in Fulton County, is a remarkable phe- 
nomenon. Its waters, either by compression or from some other 
peculiar cause, contain apparently, in solution, such a great 
amount of carbonic acid that its surface is in a continuous state of 
effervescence or bubbling, resembling the effervescence of a fountain 
of soda-water. The constant temperature of the water (60°) favors 
apparently the development of animal life, and the number of 
species of water plants growing near the borders, but still in the 
waters, such as Indian rice, watercress, marsh speedwell, etc., is the 
cause of allurement for fowls, especially during the winter months. 
This place will doubtless in the future acquire great importance, as 
affording a healthy and pleasant place of summer resort. The 
main body of water issues from a large cavernous opening, forty 
yards in circumference, and boils up, with a constant flow, at the 
rate of 8000 barrels per minute. It affords valuable water-power 
for general manufacturing purposes. 

Exemption. 

The homestead law of the State is more liberal than that of any 
other State in the Union; the homestead of any married man or 
head of a family, to the value of $2500, or one hundred and sixty 



10 

acres of land outside of a city or village, and the homestead in 
any city or village not over one acre of hind and improvements 
of that value, and one-quarter of an acre and improvements, without 
regard to value, are exempted from execution. The benefits of this 
exemption, should the head of the family be removed by death, 
enure to his widow while she remains unmarried, also, to his 
children, during their minority. In addition to his wearing apparel, 
the personal property of any resident citizen of the State, to the 
value of $200, to be selected by such resident, is exempted from 
sale or execution, or other final process of any court issued for the 
collection of any debt. No taxation for State purposes is allowed 
beyond one per cent. All capital invested in the manufacture of 
cotton and woollen goods and yarns, agricultural implements, 
tanners' cotton-seed oil, mining and smelting furnaces, are exempt 
from taxation for seven years from Oct. 30, 1 S T 4 . 

Education. 

The Constitution of the State provides that the General Assembly 
shall afford to every child of sufficient mental and physical ability 
the benefit of attendance at public schools for the period between 
the ages of five and eighteen, unless educated by other means, ami 
the legislature has provided a very efficient school law, which secures 
to all the State ample school privileges. The law also provides 
that the white and colored children shall be educated in separate 
schools. The sixteenth section of land in every townshipwas granted 
by Congress to the State for educational purposes. In addition to 
the sixteenth section, there is a levy of a fifth of one per cent, b}' 
the State for school purposes, and this, together with interest of a 
vested school fund and a poll tax, is apportioned to the several 
counties, according to their number of children, leaving the people 
in the several school districts to levy and collect a local tax for 
any additional amount they may deem ne essaiy. The other 
resources for education in the State are the seminary lands — two 
entire townships for establishing a seminary of learning, granted 
by Act of Congress in 1821, and subsequently in 1840, made to 
enure to the use and benefit of common schools, or for the promotion 
of education, in any other mode the General Assombly might deem 
proper. About one thousand acres of these lands remain unsold. 
Congress again, in 1836, in addition to the sixteenth section and 
the seminary lands, granted seventy-two sections of saline lands, 
for the use of the inhabitants of every township for schools. About 



11 

twenty thousand acres of these lands remain unsold. The taxes 
assessed and collected on lands belonging to the sixteenth section 
are applicable to free schools. All fines, penalties, and forfeitures, 
also belong to the common school fund. 

The Constitution of the State further provides that the General 
Assembly shall maintain a State University with the departments 
for science, teaching, and agriculture, and a grant of land and land- 
scrip was made by Congress, in 1862, to the several States and 
territories which should provide colleges for agriculture and the 
mechanic arts. And the State Legislature, in 1868, accepted the 
grant, which amounts to an aggregate of 150,000 acres. 

The amount of the permanent school fund on hand Oct. 1st, 1870, 
was $35,192.49 ; and the amount of the common school fund, at 
the same date, was $58,954.95. In addition to these sources of 
revenue, the Peabody fund, which diu-ing the fiscal year 1875-76, 
contributed to the school fund of the district of Little Rock, 
$2500, is one of the most effective agencies of tiie cause of education 
in the State. 

After the emancipation of the colored people and previous to 
reconstruction, the United States Government, through the agency 
of the Freedmen's Bureau, aided by benevolent associations in 
the Northern States, established schools among the freedmen in the 
different portions of the State, and built several excellent school 
houses. Since the present free-school system was inaugurated, the 
two systems have been made co-operative, and the schools thus 
established have been managed and controlled, under the present 
school law, in every respect, as schools for white children. 

In the ten districts, for the year ending September 30, 1870, there 
were 141,590 of the white, and 38,684, of the colored scholastic 
population; of these 88,583 of the white, and 19,280 of the colored 
were in attendance at the public schools. In the cities of Little 
Rock, Fort Smith, Pine Bluff', Helena, Arkadelphia, Dardanelle, 
and Camden, the schools are organized under an Act approved 
1869. In Little Rock there is a total attendance of 1742 children. 

The Institute for the Blind 

Was organized in 1859. Its general management is under a Board 
of three trustees. It is located at Little Rock, and had in 1870 
thirty-eight pupils. Its sales of articles manufactured in the insti- 
tution for the years 1869-70, amounted to over $3000. 



12 



The Deaf Mute Institute 

Was incorporated in 1868 as a State institution. In 1870. it num- 
bered forty-one pupils. The school has largely developed since its 
organization. 

The Industrial University at Fayetteville 
Has 241 students, and property to the value of $300,000. 

St. John's College at Little Rock, 

The oldest institution in the State, has 55 students. It was founded 
by the Masonic fraternity of the State, and has a very complete 
college apparatus and property to the value of $72, GOO. 

Cane Hill College at Boonsboro, the Little Rock Female 
Seminary, and the Arkansas College at Batesville, 

Are flourishing institutions. 

Judson University at Judsonia 

Was founded by the Baptists. It has 71 students, and school pro- 
perty to the amount of $75,000. 

There are 1181 libraries in the State. 

The St. Louis, Iron Mountain, and Southern Railway. 

The Iron Mountain of Missouri, the Arkansas branch of the 
Iron Mountain, and the Cairo, Arkansas, and Texas Railroads were 
consolidated into the St. Louis and Iron Mountain Railroad, and 
with this latter road the Cairo and Fulton road was subsequently 
consolidated, under the name of the St. Louis, Iron Mountain, and 
Southern Railway. The road extends from St. Louis; the main 
line running through the State of Missouri and the State of A rkan- 
sas, terminating at Texarkana, on the State line between Texas 
and Arkansas. One branch of this road terminates at Belmont, 
opposite Columbus, Ky. ; and another, on the Mississippi, opposite 
Cairo, connects with the main line at Poplar Bluff, the county- 
seat of Butler County, Mo. It connects with the Illinois Central 
and the Cairo and Vincennes Railroads, at Cairo; with the Mem- 
phis and Little Rock ; Little Rock and Fort Smith, the Little Rock 
and Pine Bluff Railways, and with the Southern, or Texas and 
Pacific Railroad to the Pacific, and with the International Railroad 



13 

of Texas, to Laredo and the city of Mexico. This route is the main 
artery for distributing emigrants and exchange of freights through 
the great southwest. It has 645 miles of road, and under the Acts 
of Congress of 1853 and 1866, is the grantee of nearly two million 
acres of land, extending in alternate sections twenty miles on 
either side of the road. 

The Little Rock and Fort Smith Railway. 

This road extends from Little Rock westward along the valley 
of the Arkansas to Fort Smith. It has opened up the rich agri- 
cultural lands of this valley as well as the vast fields of the 
Arkansas semi-Anthracite coal, and gives direct railway communi- 
cation between the rich grazing lands of the Indian Territory and 
the great eastern markets. The road is 168 miles long, and the 
company holds, under grants of Congress of 1853 and 1866, over 
one million acres of land, comprising bottoms and uplands, wheat 
and cotton lands, grazing and timber lands, with inexhaustible 
supplies of coals and minerals. The lands have been appraised in 40 
acre tracts and are sold in quantities and terms to suit the purchaser. 

The Memphis and Little Rock Railway 

Was the first road completed in the State. It runs from Hopefield, 
opposite to Memphis, to Little Rock, and connects at Little Rock 
with the St. Louis, Iron Mountain, and Southern Railway, and at 
Memphis with the North, South, and East. 

The Little Rock, Mississippi River, and Texas Railway 

Is completed from Pine Bluff to Chicot on the Mississippi, and 
from Chicot, westward, to Collinsville; a total distance of 110 
miles. 

The Arkansas Central 

(Narrow gauge) is completed for a distance of 60 miles and runs 
trains regularly between Clarendon on White River, and Helena on 
the Mississippi. 

The Hot Springs Railroad 

(Another narrow-gauge road) has been completed and running from 
Malvern, on the St. Louis, Iron Mountain, and Southern R. W., to 
the Hot Springs. 



THE ARKANSAS STATE BUILDING. 



Location. 

In the general plan of the Exhibition grounds, there are four 
grand divisions formed by the intersection of two avenues, which 
cross each other in its central portion. The division occupied in 
part by the State buildings extends along the western portion of the 
grounds. The buildings themselves are located in a continuous 
line, extending from the Government Building to the west end of 
Machinery Hall. The Arkansas Building is located near the west 
end of this line. The location commands a view of the principal 
great buildings of the Exhibition, while its immediate surroundings 
are of a most attractive character. It is shaded by a grove on the 
east side, in which is a well of exceptionally clear and cold spring 
water. Its main entrance opens on a plaza surrounding Die 
Centennial Fountain, the most notable work of sculpture on the 
grounds. From its north and west sides rises the slope of George's 
Hill — the site of military encampments during the Exhibition. 
Bordering on the grove are the British Buildings and the Canada 
Log-House. In the rear and northwest of the building are the 
Japanese, Spanish, West Virginia, and Mississippi Buildings. 

The Building 

Is an octagonal pavilion, designed by Alexander B. Bary, a Rus- 
sian engineer; and constructed by Cofrode & Co., a leading firm 
of bridge and depot builders of Philadelphia. It is composed of 
wood, iron, and glass, and is of octagonal form, 80 feet in diameter 
and 50 feet in height, with a dome roof supported by iron trusses. 
On the east side is located the Commissioners' room; on its west 
the ladies' drawing-room ; on its south, on either side of the main 
entrance, are the janitor's and storing rooms ; and on its north, the 
gentlemen's and ladies' toilet-rooms. A flag displaying the State 
Arms, in their proper colors, on a crimson field, is floated from a 
central staff on the dome. Over the main entrance the Coat of 
Arms of the State, executed in bronze by A. M.J. Mueller, appears 
with the motto " Rcgnat Populus" — Let the people reign — and 
"Mercy and Justice." The grounds surrounding the building are 



15 

laid out in flower-beds, in which the name of the State appears. 
The interior of the building is decorated with long streamers, dis- 
playing the national colors, and extending from the dome to the 
sides of the building. The ladies' drawing-room is ceiled with a 
canopy in blue and white, from the centre of which hangs a chan- 
delier. The windows are curtained with Ecru lace, and the floor 
laid with matting. The furniture, which is in blue, consists of a 
Turkish sofa, large arm and other chairs; an ottoman; a piano 
loaned by the Shomacker Manufacturing Company of Philadelphia; 
a marble-topped mosaic table ; l an oil painting representing the 
world-renowned "Arkansaw Traveller;" and an alabaster vase 1 kept 
filled with the flowers from around the building. The Commis- 
sioners' room is furnished in substantial black walnut. The centre 
of the building displays a large bronze fountain, contributed by the 
ladies of Little Rock and Pine Bluff. 

The basin surrounding the fountain is ornamented with growing 
plants and filled with gold fish from the Schuylkill River. The 
birds of the State, contributed by the Blind Institute, are appro- 
priately displayed about the building ; among these are two large 
American Eagles, also from the State. The building is brilliantly 
lighted with gas ; and the exhibits are arranged on three tables and 
two upright cases, constructed of the woods of the State, and espe- 
cially adapted to the shape and style of the building. The news- 
papers of the State are kept on file in the Commissioners' room, 
and postal-boxes are arranged for the convenience of visitors. 
The building is generally conceded to be the most appropriate in 
construction for an exhibition building, and one of the most taste- 
fully decorated on the grounds. 

The articles on exhibition display solely the resources of the 
State. The St. Louis, Iron Mountain, and Southern Railway, and 
the Little Rock and Ft. Smith Railway, make veiy fine agricultural 
and mineral exhibits from the lines of their respective roads. 
Mr. T. B. Mills, of Little Rock, and Judge Rose, of Clarksville, 
have also carefully collected and forwarded many interesting and 
varied collections from their sections of the State. Specimens of 
cereals and fruits of this season's growth are exhibited. 

Samples of the various native wines of the State of Arkansas, 
of the TJrbana Wine Co.'s sparkling wine, of iSew York, and of 
Edmund H. Taylor's old-fashioned copper whiskey, from Frankfort, 
Kentucky, of a very superior quality, were forwarded to the building 

1 Both loaned by Major H. S. Goddard, of Philadelphia, to whom for this aud 
other favors the Commissioners desire to express their obligations. 



16 

gratuitously. With these the usual courtesies of the occasion were 
extended to the visitor. The Commissioners while thus enabled to 
extend these courtesies obtained a judgment as to these native pro- 
ducts, which they believe will be of much ultimate value to the 
producers. Specimens were also submitted to the Jury of Awards. 

Visitors' Register. 

Books for registering the names of visitors were opened in the 
early part of the Exhibition in the building. At the close there 
were 31,300 names registered, an amount which was only a small 
percentage of the visitors. On the first 25 cent day 15,000 visi- 
tors were enumerated, and the attendance on the ceremonial days 
was measured only by the capacity of the building. Another 
register was kept in which were entered or transferred from the 
general register the names of Arkansians. These books have 
an additional value as showing the effects of the exhibits and 
the building on the visitors. Among many hundred others, we 
take the following: Dr. Mulvane, of Topeka, Kansas, writes: "I 
have seen none better on the ground." A gentleman of Jackson, 
Tenn., writes: "Arkansas has done well, and her advertisement 
will pay." Another from Wilmington, Del., writes: "Arkansas 
and Kansas will carry away the palm." Another, that it was the 
finest decorated building on the ground. A gentleman from Strat- 
ford, Conn., writes: "This building is a credit to the State and a 
rebuke to its older sisters." James Bain, Lord Provost of the city 
of Glasgow, writes: "Gratified to observe the great resources of 
Arkansas." A gentleman from Chicago writes : " Best display on 
the grounds." Mr. Brailsford, of Derby, England, writes: "First- 
class in all respects." Alexander R. Boteler, of W. Ya., writes : 
" God bless Governor Garland and his gallant State." The build- 
ing was visited by the United States and many of the Foreign Com- 
missioners ; delegations of the Paris workmen ; agents of foreign 
emigration bureaus; foreign and home exhibitors generally ; repre- 
sentatives of the various military and civic organizations ; West 
Point Cadets; members of the Academy of Natural Sciences and 
foreign institutions of science — whose names appear in the registers. 
It is estimated that half a million persons visited the building 
during the Exhibition. 

The first register, which is a very elegant specimen of workman- 
ship, was printed, bound, and presented to the building by W. 
H. Windsor, printer and binder at Little Rock. 



CATALOGUE. 



GRAINS ON STALK 

FROM THE LINE OP THE ST. LOUIS, IRON MOUNTAIN, AND SOUTHERN 
RAILWAY. 

THOMAS ALLEN, President, St. Louis, Mo. 

THOMAS ESSEX, Land Commissioner, Little Rock, Ark. 

"Wheat (Triticum vulgave). 

May. — Michael Saunders. 

Tappahannock— P. H. Benson. Walnut Ridge, Sec. 17, T. 17 N., R. 4 E. 

T. M. Roberts. Miller co. Crop of 187G. 

W. J. Ferguson. Hempstead co. Crop of 1876. 

Samuel Kendall. Jackson co. Crop of 1876 ; 25 bushels per acre. 
Spring. — E. Rosenberg. Hempstead co. 

Oats (Avena sativa). 
W. C. Morrow. Prairie co. 
John Allen. Newport. 30 bushels per acre. 
J. E. Wallace. Newport, Sec. 7, 11 N., 2 W. 

Robert Lambert. Walnut Ridge, Sec. 4, T. 16 N., 1 E. 40 bushels per acre. 
Thomas Watkins. Searcy, Sec. 1, 7 N., 7 W. 
R.Bragg. Pulaski co. Sown, April 17, 1875; gathered, July, 1875; 2d crop 

of same seed. 
J. M. Clayton. Jefferson co. Sown, March 10, 1875; gathered, June 22, 

1875. 
Samuel Kendall. Jackson Co. Crop of 1876; 2 specimens. 
H. B. Hudgins. Miller co. Crop of 1876. 
G. W. Lewis. White co. Crop of 1876; 2 specimens. 

T. H. Turnipseed. Jackson co. Crop of 1876; 25 and 30 bushels per acre. 
James McCauley. Judsonia, White co. 40 bushels per acre. 
AVilliam Greyson. Corning, Sec. — , T. 20 N., R. 4 E. 
Abraham Roberts. Corning, Sec. 3, T. 19 N., R. 4 E. 
Thomas Smith. Pulaski co. 

A. T. Hudgins. Texarkana, Sec. 9, T. 15 S., R. 28 W. Raised on upland. 
C. H. Hudson. Pulaski co. 65 bushels per acre. 
Dr. Bragg. Pulaski co. 
Black. — T. Carter. Independence co. Crop of 1876. 

2 



18 



Rye (Secale cereale). 
Morgan Price. Hot Spring co., Sec. 15, 23 S., 18 W. 30 bushels per acre. 
J. K. Whitney. Judsonia, White co., Sec. 8 and 17, T. 7 N., 6 W. 

Rice (Oryza sativa). 
Upland.— Robt. Mills. Clark co. 

Millet (Setaria germanica). 
German. — A. S. Blackwood. Jackson co. 3% to 4 tons per acre. 

G. L. Simpson. 

C. A. Nichols. Jefferson co. Sown May 21, cut July 20. 

Major W. E. Woodruff. Little Rock. 

G. \V. Chambliss. Searcy, White co. 4 tons per acre. 

W. B. Montgomery. White co. Crop of 1876. 

Geo. S. Johnson. Hempstead co. Crop of 1876. 

B. T. Coffman. Lawrence co. 

James M. Porter. 8 miles E. of Texarkana. 

W. M. Petty. White co. Crop of 1876. 

S. M. Rice. White co. Crop of 1876. 

Taken from Fair Grounds. Jackson co. Forwarded by Judge Rose. 

Dr. J. H. Snipes. White co. Crop of 1876. 

John W. Carden. Pulaski co. Average specimen of 16 acres sown broadcast. 

J. M. Moore. White co. Crop of 1876. 

Gov. A. H. Garland. Little Rock. 
Common. — R. Bragg. Pulaski co. Sown July 19, 1875; gathered green for hay; 
crop of turnips from same groun J. 

John M. Clayton. Jefferson co. Planted on same ground as oats, harvested 
same season, July 24, 1875, cut October 1, 1875. 

James E. Wallace. Jackson co., Sec. 7, T. 11, R. 2. Sown and gathered 
within 5 weeks. 

G. L. Simpson. 
Egyptian. — G. S. Morrison. Pulaski co. 

N. Dumphrey. Grant co. 8 feet high. 

Miscellaneous. 

Broomcorn (Sorgum saccharatum). — G. L. J. Simpson. Pulaski co. 



GRAINS ON STALK 

FROM THE LINE OF THE LITTLE ROCK AND FORT SMITH RAILWAY. 

JOSEPH H. CONVERSE, President, Boston, Mass. 
W. D. SLACK, Land Commissioner, Little Rock, Ark. 

Wheat. 

E. Hayes. Johnson co. 

Mr. Brown. Johnson co. 35 years in cultivation. 

H. Blackard. Johnson co. 28 years in cultivation. 



19 

B. Lee, Johnson co. 40 years in cultivation. 
J. West. Johnson co. High ridge land. 
Mr. Brady. Johnson co. 

Mr. Blaylock. Johnson co. High ridge land. 
Mrs. Hardimer. Johnson co. Bottom land. 
Rev. Mr. Roach. Johnson co. High upland. 
A. P. Brooks. Johnson co. High black land. 
H. B. Hay. Johnson co. High upland. 

F. B. Paine. Johnson co. Wet land. 
L. Wilson. Pulaski co. 

(Unknown.) Pulaski co. Gathered June 4th. 

(Unknown.) Pulaski co. 

John S. Massey. Perry co. 3d class upland. 

S. Whittle. Johnson co. River bottom. 

John Kurtz. Conway co. 
Early (Triticum vulgare). — (Unknown.) 2d class upland. 
Mediterranean. — B. Lee. Johnson co. 

W. W. Collum. Johnson co. River bottom. 
Blue straw. — Dr. David Saunders. Johnson co. 2d class upland ; 15 years in 

cultivation. 
May. — Dr. N. H. Jackson. 3d class upland. 

Duncan Barr. Perry co. 2d class upland; 3 years in cultivation. 

Rev. A. Cox. Johnson co. Ridge land. 

W. W. Collum. Johnson co. River bottom. 

E. Harris. Johnson co. Upland. 

C. W. Upchurch. Perry co. 4 years in cultivation. 
Elizur Jordan. Pope co. Upland; 29 years in cultivation. 
Mr. Haisty. Conway co. 3d class upland. 

L. Howell. Perry co. 2d class upland. 
Tappahannoclc— Colby Garrett. Johnson co., Sec. 26, T. 10 N , R. 24 W 

Land in cultivation 40 years; no fertilizers used; 16 bushels to one sown ; 

forwarded by Judge Rose. 
Colby Garrett. Johnson co., Sec. 26, T. 10 N., R. 24. Creek bottom; in 

cultivation 40 years; no fertilizers used ; yield 40 bushels to one sown; 

forwarded by Judge Rose, with sample of soil. 
Mr. McKinney. Johnson co. Upland. 
W. H. Gardner. Sebastian co. 5 years in cultivation. 
T. B. Burnett. Pope co. 25 years in cultivation ; creek bottom. 
Colby Garrett. Johnson co. 40 years in cultivation ; creek bottom. 
J. W. Petray. Pope co. 2d class upland; 34 years in cultivation. 
Walker. — Singleton Burt. Johnson co. High ridge. 
Mr. Thompson. Johnson co. 
S. P. Echols. Sebastian co. 2d class upland. 
J. Shelton. Franklin co. 50 years in cultivation. 
A. De Witt. Franklin co. 2d class land ; 30 years in cultivation. 

D. D. Merion. Franklin co. 2d class upland ; 2 years in cultivation. 
J. H. Carnall. Sebastian co. 5 years in cultivation. 

G. Richard. Sebastian co. 



20 

Fultz. — A. C. Jones. Johnson co. Ridge hind. 

Mr. Gil more. Johnson co. Upland; 2 specimens. 

J. H. Adams. Sebastian co. 2d class prairie land. 
"White. — J. W. Parks. Sebastian co. 

A. A. Teague. Logan co. 3 years in cultivation. 
Red Walker.— James M. Ward. Sebastian co. 28 bushels per acre. 
Red May.— John Laud. Franklin co. 3d class upland ; 3 years in cultivation. 
Red chaff.— W. H. Gardner. Sebastian co. 5 years in cultivation. 

T.Smith. Yell co. 41 years in cultivation ; 28 bushels per acre. 

L. Howell. Perry co. 2d class upland. 

F. Wright. Logan co. 2d class upland ; 8 years in cultivation. 
Winter. — C. 0. Warner. Washington co. 

R. J. Kerr. Sebastian co. Premium of State Fair. 
Spring. — C. 0. Warner. Washington co. 

Oats (Arena sativa). 
H. Blackard. Johnson co., Sec. 33, T. 10 N., R. 23 W. No fertilizers used; 

15 years in cultivation; 3 acres sown with 3 bushels of seed; 25 bushels 

per acre ; forwarded by Judge Rose. 
Jacob Robinson. Johnson co., Sec. 9, T. 10 N., R. 23 W. High ridge land. 
C. D. Redwine. Sebastian co. Very heavy ; 3 specimens. 
C. 0. AVarner. Washington co. 
Jesse M. King. Johnson co. Upland. 
Mr. Lankford. Johnson co. Upland. 
A. J. Clark. Johnson co. Upland. 
F. H. Kirtley. Johnson co. High upland. 
W. W. Kitchen. Sebastian co. 6 years in cultivation. 
J. F. Tindall. Perry co. 16 years in cultivation. 
John Sbaneburger. Pulaski co. Gathereu June 22d. 
L. C. White. Yell co. 
Cager Hargraves. Johnson co., Sec. 32, T. 10 N., R. 23 W. Clear creek 

bottom ; no fertilizers used ; 25th crop ; 30 bushels per acre ; 5 acres sown 

with 4.} bushels of seed; forwarded by Judge Rose. 
Colby Garrett. Johnson co., Sec. 2G, T. 10 N, R. 24 W. Land 25 years in 

cultivation; 40 bushels per acre. 
N. B. Lee. Johnson co., Sec. 29, T. 10 N., R 23 W. 30 years in cultivation ; 

no fertilizers used ; G acres sown with 8 bushels of seed ; yield, SO bushels 

per acre ; 17 doz. sheaves threshed 14 bushels; forwarded by Judge Rose. 
C. B. Redwine. Sebastian co. 
Norway. — (Unknown.) Washington co. 
Ruffle.— L. Wilson. Pulaski co. 50 years in cultivation. 

Rye (Secale cereale). 
J. W. Thompson. Johnson co. Upland. 

E. Harris. Johnson co. Upland. 

F. H. Kirtley. Johnson co. Upland. 

(Unknown.) Yell co. Bottom land; sown Nov. 17, 1875; harvested June 
3, 187G. 



21 

Singleton Burt. Johnson co. 
F. M. Payne. Johnson co. Wet land. 
(Unknown.) 
(Unknown.) 
Wild (Elymus).— R. T. Kerr. Sebastian co. 

John Carnall's farm. Mazzard prairie, near Ft. Smith. 

Barley (Hordeurn). 

T. B. Burnett. Pope co. Creek bottom; 80 years in cultivation; 40 bushels 
per acre. 

Millet (Setaria germanica). 
German. Cager Hargraves. Johnson co., Sec. 82, T. 10 N., R, 23 W. No fer- 
tilizers used ; land 25 years in cultivation; clear creek bottom; v} bushel 
of seed planted in drill on 3 acres ; 6 tons of hay and 55 bushels of seed 
per acre ; forwarded by Judge Rose. 
Lewis Bunt. Johnson co., Sec. 30, T. 10 N., R. 23 W. 1 pint seed planted 
in drill ; 3 bushels of seed saved ; 6 years in cultivation ; forwarded by Judge 
Rose. 
N. C. Pryor. Johnson co., Sec. 30, T. 10 N., R. 23. 2-J tons per acre. 
Dr. Turner. Franklin co., Sec. 35, T. 10 N., R. 27 W. 

Columbus Stewart. Johnson co., Sec. 33, S. 10 N., R. 23 W. Thin rolling 
upland; no fertilizers used ; 28 years in cultivation; 8 tons per acre; for- 
warded by Judge Rose. 
Dr. Turner. Franklin Co. 20 years in cultivation. 
James M. Baxter. Crawford co. Upland C. H. 
C. Hargraves. Johnson co. Upland ; 30 years in cultivation. 
(Unknown.) 8 specimens 
Egyptian. — J. D. Wilson. Johnson co., Sec. 15, T. 10 N., R. 24 W. Used as green 
feed; said to grow out again in 3 weeks after being cut; 4 or 5 crops in a 
season; 1 stalk, 8 feet, 8 inches high. 
Hungarian. — R. T. Kerr. Sebastian co. 
Common.— A. H. Boles. Franklin co., Sec. 35, T. 10 N., R. 27 W. 

Corn (Zea mays). 
Sugar. — (Unknown.) Pulaski co. 
Maize. — B. F Danley. Faulkner co. 16 feet high. 
(Unknown.) 14 feet high. 
(Unknown.) 2 samples. 

Jerry Mahon. Johnson co., Sec. 5, T. 9 N., R. 23 W. Thin creek bottom ; 
no fertilizers used ; 40 yrs. in cultivation ; 40 bushels per acre, estimated 
yield. 
Hugh N. Butts. Johnson co., Sec. 11, T. 10, R. 22. 45 bushels per acre. 
(Unknown.) Sec. 11, T. 10 N., R. 23 W. High, dry ridge land ; 1st crop, 30 

bushels per acre. 
R, W. Floyd. Johnson co., Sec. 5, 9 N., R. 23 W. Creek bottom; 2d crop; 
50 bushels per acre. 



22 



THRESHED GRAINS 

FROM THE LINE OF THE ST. LOUIS, IRON MOUNTAIN, AND SOUTHERN 
RAILWAY. 

Walker -wheat. — Thomas W. Morgan. 

Tappahannock wheat. — (Unknown.) 

Spring wheat. — (Unknown.) Hempstead co. 

Half-gourd seed corn. — (Unknown.) 

Black oats. — (Unknown.) White co. 40 bushels per acre. 

White oats. — (Unknown.) 

Norway oats. — (Unknown.) 



THRESHED GRAINS 

FROM THE LINE OF THE LITTLE ROCK AND FORT SMITH RAILWAY. 

Wheat. 

Red Walker.— J. P. Wharton. Pope co. 

J. G. Green. Sebastian co. 

J. 0. Heme. Pope co. 

(Unknown.) Faulkner co. 

W. P. Bryant. Pope co. 
White Walker.— J. M. Carter. Yell co. 

J. Liles. Crawford co. 
Walker. — J. F. Oliver. Sebastian co. 

Mr. Reynolds. Crawford co. 

Mr. Obar. Franklin co. 

S. W. Gregg. Franklin co. 

T. Howell. Crawford co. 

S. S. Sanger. Sebastian co. 

Learcus WalHn. Johnson co. 
White wheat. — Colby Garrett. Johnson co. 
Tappahannock.— W. A. Carter. Yell co. 

Richard F. Kerr. Sebastian co. 

E. G. Collier. Yell co. 

W. D. H. Creasy. Perry co. 

J. Bromberg. Sebastinn co. 
P^ed May. — J. A. House. Sebastian co. 

J. G. Beard. Sebastian co. 
Red.— W. M. Nichols. Franklin co. 
Blue straw.— R. P. Brent. Faulkner co. 

H. Hill. Crawford co. 

T. McKinley. Sebastian co. 
Red chaff. — W. II. Gardner. Sebastian co. 
Mediterranean.— W. G. Miller. Crawford co. 

W. F. Hooser. Logan co. 



23 



Fultz wheat. — (Unknown.) Sebastian co. 

(Unknown.) 
Moller.— T. Rutherford. Crawford co. 
May. — W. T. England. Crawford co. 

Augustus Thomas. Crawford co. 

Thomas Gray. Johnson co. 

Fletcher Taylor. Johnson co. 

E C. Collier. Yell co. 

(Unknown.) Franklin co. 
(Undesignated.) — Henry Stroup. Franklin co. 

A. W. Mathews. Pope co. 

S. H. Cromwell. Sebastian co. 

R. Reed. Franklin co. 

Mr. Felker. Franklin co. 

J. A. Phillips. Faulkner co. 

R. W. Wayman. Sebastian co. 

Oats. 
Red. — A. W. Mathews. Pope co. 

P. J. Hudgins. Yell co. 
Black winter. — V. Schaffer. 
Brown. — W. H. Gardner. Sebastian co. 
Red rust proof. — Richard Kerr. Sebastian co. 

(Unknown.) Sebastian co. 



J. Carnall. Sebastian co. 
A. W. Mathews. Pope co. 

A. W. Mathews. Pope co. 
(Unknown ) Pope co. 



Barley. 
Rye. 



Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum). 
T. Katting. Pulaski co. 

Corn. 
Yellow gourd seed. — (Unknown.) 



GRASSES 

FROM THE LINE OP THE ST. LOUIS, IRON MOUNTAIN, AND SOUTHERN 
RAILWAY. 

Timothy (Phleum pratense). — Col. Wm. M. Ponder. Lawrence co., Sec. 35, 17 N., 
R. 1 E. 3 tons per acre. 
Maj. Jas. McCauley. Judsonia, White co., Sec. 4, 7 N., 6 W. 3 tons per 

acre. 
Col. A. T. James. Judsonia, White co., Sec. 34, T. 8 N., R. 6 W. 2 tons 
per acre. 



24 

Joshua Lee. Hope, Hempstead co., Sec. 22, T. 14 S., 24 W. 

M. Bozeman. Clark co. 2 specimens. 

W. Johnson. Greene co. Crop of 1876. 

G. K. Stevens. Jackson co. Crop of 1876. 

Jos. Slayton. Newport, Jackson co., Sec. 36, T. 12 N., 3 W. 2 tons per 

acre. 
L. McHaney. Greene co. Crop of 1876. 

J. W. Patterson. Searcy, White co., Sec. 10, T. 7, R. 7 W. 1 ton per acre. 
Elias E. Small. Tuckerman. Sec. 19, T. 12 N., 2 W. 2 A tons per acre. 
Robert Lambert. "Walnut Ridge, Lawrence co., Sec. 4, 16 N., 1 E. 1\ tons 

per acre. 
Abraham Roberts. Corning, Clayton co., Sec. 3, T. 20 N., 4 E. 
T. W. Wells. Searcy, White co., Sec. 15, T. 7 N., 7 W. 2$ tons per acre. 
Red top (Poa serotina). — Jas. Wells. Walnut Ridge, Lawrence co., Sec. 2, T. 

17 N., 1 E. 2 tons per acre. 
Elias E. Small. Tuckerman, Sec. 19, 12 N., 2 W. 2J tons per acre. 
Hon. G. W. Wells. Searcy, White co., Sec. 12, T. 7 N., R. 7 W. 1 ton per 

acre. 
Col. A. T. James. Judsonia, White co., Sec. 34, T. 8 N., R. 6 W. 1\ tons 

per acre. 
W. T. Best. Judsonia, White co. 2 tons per acre. 
Abraham Roberts. Corning, Clayton co., Sec. 3, T. 20 N., R. 4 E. 2 tons 

per acre. 
Jas. McCauley. Judsonia, White co. 
Elias E. Small. Tuckerman, Sec. 19, 12 N., 2 W. 
James Wells. Walnut Ridge, Lawrence co., Sec. 2, T. 17 N., 1 E. 2 tons 

per acre. 
Col. J. M. Moore. Searcy, White co., Sec. 10, T. 7 N., 7 W. 2 tons per acre. 
B. T. Ford. Greene co. Crop of 1876; and herd grass. 
L. McHaney. Greene co. Crop of 1876. 
J. M. Moore. AVhite co. Crop of 1876. 
Wm. Ponder. Walnut Ridge, Lawreuce co., Sec. 35, T. 17 N., R. 1 E. 3 

tons per acre. 
Michael Bozeman. Clark co. 2 specimens. 
J. M. Powers. Pulaski county. 
Jos. Clayton. Newport, Jackson co., Sec. 36, T. 12 N., 3 W. 2 tons per 

acre. 
B. F. Danley. Pulaski co. 
John P. Sink. Newport, Jackson co. 
Mr. Johnson. Greene co. Crop of 1876. 
Alfalfa.— T. B. Triggs. Miller co. 

J. H. Hauey. Pulaski co. Crop of 1876 ; poor upland ; fine growth. 
Clover (Trifolium). — W. J. Ferguson. Hempstead co. Crop of 1876. 4 tons 
per acre. 

A. H. Carrigan. Hempstead co. Crop of 1876. 3 specimens. 

B. F. Danley. Pulaski co. 4 feet high. 
J. M. Towers. Pulaski co. 

Geo. Steele. Little Rock. 4 feet, 10 inches high. 



25 

Red clover (Trifolium pratense). — Wm. M. Ponder. Lawrence co. 

Robert Lambert, Peach Orchard, Sec. 4, 16 N., 1 E. 

Jas. McCauley. Judsonia, White co., Sec. 4, T. 7 N., 6 W. 

J. K. Whitney. Kensett, White co., Sec. 8, T. 7 N., R. 6 W. 3 tons per acre. 

Abraham Roberts. Corning, Sec. 3 (?), T. 20 N., 4 E. 

B F. Danley. Palarm, Pulaski co., Sec. 12, T. 3 N., 14 W. 2 crops; 2 tons 
each per acre. 

J. M. Patterson. Searcy, White co., Sec. 3, T. 7 N., 7 W. 

W. T. Best. Judsonia, White co. 3 tons per acre. 

T. H. Benson. Walnut Ridge, Lawrence co., Sec. 17, 19 N., 4 E. 2 tons per 
acre. 

Dr. W. J. Watkins. Lawrence co., Sec. 4, T. 17 N., R. 1 E. 2£ tons per 
acre. 

Joshua Lee. Hope, Hempstead co., Sec. 20, T. 14 S., 23 W. 
Sapling clover. — Maj. Jas. McCauley. Judsonia, White co., Sec. 4, 7 N., 6 W. 
Orchard grass (Dactylus glomerata). — M. Bozeman. Clark co. Crop of 1876. 

B. F. Danley. Pulaski co. 50 years in cultivation; no fertilizers ever used. 
Wild prairie grass. — T. B. Mills. Lonoke co. 
Wild bottom grass. — T. B. Mills. Lonoke co. 
Native grass. — Several specimens from the line of the road ; grows all over the 

State; yield same as millet. 
Blue grass (Poa compressa). — Samuel Lee. Polk co., Sec. 8, 14 S., 23 W. 



GRASSES 

PROM THE LINE OP THE LITTLE ROCK AND FORT SMITH RAILWAY 

Timothy (Phleum pratense). — G. S. Adams. Johnson co. 

J. G. Carter. Yell co. Sown Sept. 1, 1875; cut July 1, 1876. 

0. M. Clark. Johnson co. 

(Unknown.) 2 specimens. 

Jacob Reifel, Yell co. 

(Unknown.) Conway co. New upland. 

L. Howell. Perry co. 3d class upland ; head 9 inches long. 

W. M. Fishback. Sebastian co. 

C. 0. Warner. Washington co. Sown Feb. 28 ; cut July 3. 
Red Top (Poa serotina). — A. G. Clark. Johnson co. 

R. T. Kerr. Sebastian co. 

(Unknown.) 6 specimens. 
Velvet grass. — W. R. Morgan. Conway. Upland ; seed from Patent office. 
Alfalfa. — (Unknown.) 1 specimen. 
Cane grass (Arundinaria). — (Unknown.) Pulaski co. 8 feet high; has to be cut 

every few weeks on account of rapid growth. 
Clover (Trifolium). — J. S. Moore. Faulkner co. 2d class upland; 20 years in 
cultivation. 

Jackson Paterson. Johnson co. Upland. 

(Unknown.) Pulaski co. 4 feet high. 
Blue grass (Poa compressa). — (Unknown.) 

W. M. Fishback. Sebastian co. 



26 

Timothy and red top — Maj. Jas. McCauley. Judsonia, White co., Sec. 32, T. 

22, 6 W. 3 tons per acre. 
Red clover. — Wm, Fishback. Sebastian co. Upland. 



MISCELLANEOUS 

FROM THE LINE OF THE LITTLE ROCK AND FORT SMITH RAILWAY. 

Sage plant. — (Unknown.) 

Crimean pea. — (Unknown.) 

Irish potatoes, early rose. — (Unknown.) 

Irish potatoes, russet. — (Unknown.) 

Onions. — (Unknown). 2 specimens. 

Red beets. — (Unknown.) 2 specimens. 

Wild grape-vine, 25 feet long, 1 year's growth. 



MISCELLANEOUS 

FROM THE LINE OF THE ST. LOUIS, IRON MOUNTAIN, AND SOUTHERN 
RAILWAY. 

White beans. — (Unknown.) 

Red beans. — (Unknown.) 

Chinquapins.— G. W. Lawrence. 

Whortleberries. — G. W. Lawrence. 

Buckwheat. — (Unknown.) Pulaski co. 

Pop corn; several varieties.. — G. W. Lawrence. 



TOBACCO 

FROM THE LINE OF THE LITTLE ROCK AND FORT SMITH RAILWAY. 

L. H. Blackard. Johnson co. High ridge upland. 

L. H. Blackard. Johnson co. High upland. 

Jacob Robinson. Johnson co. 1200 lbs. per acre. 

Matthew Hasty. Johnson co. 

T. W. Morgan. Johnson co. High mountain land; 1200 lbs. per acre. 

T. W. Morgan. Johnson co. First cutting. 

A. B. Brooks. Johnson co. First cutting. 

A. B. Brooks. Johnson co. Second cutting; 800 lbs. per acre. 

G. W. Lowry. Sebastian co. 

T. J. Reed. Sebastian co. 

Mr. Pippin. Johnson co. High bluff land. 

J. F. Simpson. Johnson co. 

David Hairston. Johnson co. Upland. 

(Unknown.) 2 samples. 



27 



MINERAL EXHIBIT 



FROM THE LINE OF THE ST. LOUIS, IRON MOUNTAIN, AND SOUTHERN 
RAILWAY. 



Gypsum. 

Kaolin. 

Ouachita oil stone. (Novaculite.) 

Arkansas hone stone, (do.) 

Argentiferous galena. 30 specimens. 

Zinc blende. 

Chalybite. 

Copper and chalybite in quartz. 

Carbonate of copper. 

Sulphide of copper and lead. 

Copper pyrites. 

Malachite. 

Silicate of zinc. (Calamine.) 

Zinc blende. From Hoppe mines, Law- 
rence CO. 

Silicate of zinc. (Calamine.) From 
Rainey mines, Lawrence co. 

Spelter. (Metallic zinc.) From Rainey 
mines, Lawrence co. 

Blende and greenockite. 

Silicate of zinc. (Calamine.) Lawrence co. 



Antimony ore. (Stibnite.) 3 specimens. 

Wavellite. 

Peacock coal. 

Crystal. (Spathic iron.) 

Garnet. 

Dendritic manganese in novaculite. 

Elaeolite. 

Magnetite. 

Magnetic iron ore. 20 specimens from 
Magnet Cove. 

Magnetite, crystal of, 

Limonite pseudomorph. 

Limonite. 5 specimens. 

Botryoidal limonite. 

Petrified wood. 2 specimens; 4 feet 
6 inches in length, and 11 inches in 
diameter. 

Black marble. 

Brecciated marble. 4 specimens ; dif- 
ferent colors. 

Lithographic stone. 



FROM THE LINE OF THE LITTLE ROCK AND FORT SMITH RAILWAY. 
KELLOGG MINES, PULASKI CO. 

Sulphide of lead (Galena). Contains some blende, slate, and talc, weight 100 lbs. 
Zinc blende. Contains some lead, copper pyrites, and quartz, weight 150 lbs. 
Gangue rock with zinc. 
Argillaceous slate, showing character of country rock with metallic bearing veins 

running through it. Weight 90 lbs. 
Quartz containing copper pyrites. 2 specimens, weight 80 lbs. each. 
Quartz containing copper, spathic iron, silver, and lead. 
Lead ore with quartz, talc, and slate. 
Slate showing character of wall rock. 
Sulphide of silver with lead. 
Collection of specimens of lead, silver, zinc blende, spathic iron, copper pyrites, 

and quartz. 
Crystals of spathic iron. 
Silver brick, weighing 43-j-ffa ounces, taken from 275 lbs. of ore by Balbach & Son 

of New Jersey, exhibited by Dr. Little of Georgia. 
100 specimens of silver ore, exhibited by Col. Ensley, of Memphis. 



2S 



IRON ORES 

FROM THE LINE OF THE LITTLE ROCK AND FORT SMITH RAILWAY. 

Slate band ore. James Allister. Franklin co. Weight 150 lbs. 
Kidney ore. James Allister. Franklin co. Weight GO lbs. 
Kidney ore. Bailey & Main. Sebastian co. 
Red oxide. (Unknown.) Pope co. 
Fossil ore. (Unknown.) Pope co. 
Kidney ore. Capt. Evins. Logan co. 

Fossiliferous iron ore containing fifteen varieties of fossil shells, etc. 



COAL (semi-anthracite) 

FROM THE LINE OF THE LITTLE ROCK AND FORT SMITH RAILWAY. 











An 


ilysis. 




County. 


Thickness 
of vein. 








Name of Mine. 


















Water. 


Volatile 
Matter. 


Fixed 
Carbon. 


Solph'r. Ash. 


Color .if 
Ash. 


Green's Bank, 


Sebastian, 


60 in. 


.47 


18.01 


74.45 


2. 2.1 7.01 


Lt. brown. 


Allister's, 


Franklin, 


45 " 


.47 


14.26 


76.56 


3.72 


8.70 


(i (i 


Bostick's, 


Sebastian, 


49 " 














Spadra, 


Johnson, 


33 " 




0. 


86. 




5. 




Dacus, 


Yell, 


22 " 


1.24 


14.98 


80.21 


1.37 


3.77 


Ochre. 



SECTIONS OF TREES 



FROM THE LINE OF THE ST. LOUIS, IRON MOUNTAIN, AND SOUTHERN 



RAILWAY. 



Yellow poplar. — Greene co. 

Bois d'arc. — Miller co. . 

Bois d'arc. — Hempstead co. . 

Cypress (Taxodium) .... 

White holly. — Hemstead co. . 

White holly. — Miller co 

Sugar maple (Acer saccharinum). — Clay co. 
White oak (Quercus alba). — Clay co. 
White oak (Quercus alba) ... 

Curled maple. — Clark co. ... 

Persimmon (Diospyros virginiana). Miller co. 
Cedar (Juniperus). — Miller co. 
Black walnut (Juglans nigra). — Clay co. 
Hickory (Carya tomeutosa). — Clay co. 



Diameter, 
Inches. 
45 
22 
12 
46 
22 
22 
23 
48 
42 
21 
16 
14 



35 



29 



Birch (Betula).— Clark co. 
Beech (Fagus ferruginea). — Greene co. 
Honey locust (Gleditschia triacanthus). 
Black walnut slab, polished. 



-Miller co. 



16 

29J 

20 



SECTIONS OF TREES 

FROM THE LINE OF THE LITTLE ROCK AND FT. SMITH RAILWAY. 



Diameter. 
Inches. 

63 
60 
50 

46 
4G 
48 
40 
36 



Red elm (Ulmus fulva) 
Sycamore (Platanus occidentalis) 
Burr oak (Quercus macrocarpa) 
Overcup oak (Quercus lyrata) 
White oak (Quercus alba) 
Swamp red oak (Quercus rubra) 
Red oak (Quercus rubra) 
Post oak (Quercus obtusiloba) 
Willow oak (Quercus phellos) 
Pin oak (Quercus palustris) . . 29 
Spotted oak . . . . .23 
Black oak (Quercus tinctoria) . 23 
Spanish oak (Quercus falcata) . 21 
Water oak (Quercus aquatica) . 21 
Wild cherry (Prunus serotina) , 19 
Grape-vine . . . . .18 
Grape-vine .... .13 

Bois d'arc . . . . .15 
Pawpaw (Asimina triloba) 
Cottonwood (Populus) . . -84 

2 cypress knees, used for razor strops. 

Black oak bark. — John Harris. Johnson co 



Diameter. 
Inches. 
Maple (Acer) . . . .26 

Mallet wood 19 

Persimmon (Diospyros virginiana) . 24 
Sassafras (Sassafras officinale) . 28 
Locust (Gleditschia) . . .19 
Tupelo gum (Nyssa) . . .29 

Elm (Ulmus Americana) . . 46 
Cypress (Taxodium distichum) . 48 
White ash (Fraxinus Americana) . 42 
Sweet gum (Liquidamber styraci- 

flua) 39 

Yellow pine (Pinus mitis) . . 36 

Black walnut (Juglans nigra) . 42 

Big bud hickory . . . .39 
Shellbark hickory (Carya alba) . 30 
White hickory . . . .16 

Blue ash (Fraxinus quadrangulata) 23 
Cedar (Juniperus) . . .16 

Rattan vine ..... 3 



Used in tanning. 



SAMPLES OF WOODS, SHOWING GRAIN AND FINISH, 

FROM THE LINE OF THE LITTLE ROCK AND FT. SMITH RAILWAY. 



White oak. 
Burr oak. 
Black oak. 
Swamp red oak. 
Overcup oak. 
Spotted oak. 
Blackjack oak. 
Spanish oak. 
Water oak. 
Willow oak. 



Black walnut. 

Sycamore. 

Hackberry (Celtis occidentalis). 

Sassafras. 

Swamp ash. 

Birch (Betula). 

Mulberry (Morus). 

Wild cherry. 

Red elm. 

Tupelo gum. 



30 

Pin oak. Blnck gum. 

Post oak. Sweet gum. 

Red oak. Bois d'arc 

Sugar maple. Box elder (Neguudo aceroides). 

Pecan (Carya olivajformis). Persimmon. 

Shellbark hickory. Yellow pine. 

Big bud hickory. Corrugated pine. 

Black hickory. Cypress. 

Honey locust. Cedar. 

Mallet wood. White holly. 

Cottouwood. 



FRUIT 

FROM THE LINE OF THE LITTLE ROCK AND FT. SMITH RAILWAY. 

Peaches. (Unknown.) Washington co. 

Bartlett pears. E. Huh. Pulaski co. 

Grapes. E. Huh. Pulaski co. 

Grapes, wild. A. H. Boles. Franklin co. 2 specimens. 

Tulpehocken apple. E. Huh. Pulaski co. 

Aueragh apple. G. W. English. Franklin co. 

Winesap apple. E. Huh. Pulaski co. 

Fall queen apple. (Unknown.) 

Shannon pippin apple. John Caruall. Sebastian co. 



WOODWORK 

MADE AT THE SHOPS OF THE ST. LOUIS, IRON MOUNTAIN AND SOUTHERN 
RAILWAY, AT LITTLE ROCK, OF TIMBER GROWN IN ARKANSAS. 

Cabinet, of the following 'woods, viz. : Ash, beech, bois d'arc, cherry, cedar, 
cypress, gum, holly, hickory, oak, poplar, sassafras, yellow pine, and walnut. 
R. Miles, constructor. 

Counter, of the following woods, viz. : Ash, bois d'arc, cherry, cedar, cypress, 
holly, sassafras, yellow pine, and walnut. R. Miles, constructor. 

Checker board, composed of four hundred distinct pieces of Arkansas woods. 
James W. Pitts, constructor. 



MANUFACTURED ARTICLES 

EXHIBITED BY THE LITTLE ROCK AND FT. SMITH RAILWAY. 
Large cabinet, occupying one section of the building, made entirely of timber 
from the line of the road, and showing the following thirty-three varieties: White 
ash, swamp ash, Spanish oak, black oak, white oak, overcup oak, birdseve oak. 



31 

swamp oak, spotted oak, black walnut, shade walnut, yellow pine, corrugated 
pine, black gum, sweet gum, tupelo gum, red cedar, soft maple, hackberry, per- 
simmon, linn, white holly, red locust, sassafras, cypress, cherry, mulberry, bois 
d'arc, sycamore, red elm, birch, box elder, and white hickory. Manufactured by 
Butler, Gibb, & Co., Little Rock. 

Barrel made of native oak. Little Rock. 

Four samples of flour from Tappahannock wheat, raised by Calvin Jones, John- 
son co., and manufactured by Miller, Kitchen & Co., Clarksville. 

Half barrel of wheat flour, crop of 1876. 

Eleven specimens of stave timber. 

Croquet set of bois d'arc (Osage orange). 

Wines. 

Norton's seedling. 1874. Pye's vineyard. Little Rock. 

Cunningham. 1874 and 1875. Pye's vineyard. Little Rock. 

Ives seedling. 1874 and 1875. Pye's vineyard. Little Rock. 

Iona. 1874. Pye's vineyard. Little Rock. 

Iona. 1875. Dr. Lawrence. Hot Springs. 
' Delaware. 1876. Dr. Lawrence. Hot Springs. 

Concord. 1876. Dr. Lawrence. Hot Springs. 

Delaware, Norton's and Herbemont. 1874 and 1875. Graff's vineyard, Van 
Buren, Crawford co. 

Muscadine. Creed Taylor. Jefferson co. 

Dewberry cordial. Creed Taylor. Jefferson co. 

Blackberry cordial. Creed Taylor. Jefferson co. 

Cotton. 

Sample in bolls, Boyd's prolific, raised by Zebu'lon Gordon, on Judge Thweatt's 
plantation, on Old Town Ridge, Phillips co., cut Aug. 22, 1876. 

Sample of the first bale of Arkansas cotton of 1876, raised by Thomas Wright, 
of Phillips co., and contributed by Straub & Lohman, cotton factors, Helena. 

Specimen of 2d premium cotton, at St. Luuis, Oct. 6, 1876. Maj. John C. Pal- 
mer, near Helena. 

Exhibit of silk fibre cotton in bolls. Dr. Lawrence, Hot Springs. 

Samples in bale, boll, and seed, contributed by W. Taylor, Phillips co. Took 
sweepstakes premium at St. Louis, 1875 and 1876, and Memphis, 1875. Specimen 
of soil shown. 

Stalk cotton. W. W. Collier, Spadra township, Johnson co. 100 bolls on stalk; 
crop yield, 1800 lbs. seed cotton to the acre; forwarded by Judge Rose. 

Stalk grown by Thomas Allen on John S. Weeks' plantation, Prairie co., 9 feet 
high. 

Sample of silver fleece cotton. M. Keith Key, Phillips co. ; raised from seeds 
improved by four years' careful cultivation. Wm. M. Senter, the President of the 
St. Louis Cotton Exchange, says of this cotton, that he has never seen anything 
to surpass it in length, strength, and fineness of fibre. 

2 commercial bales, exhibited by Fletcher & Hotze, Little Rock and New York. 

Commercial bale, exhibited by Maj. Wm. E. Moore, Helena ; from the same 
seed as the Taylor cotton, Phillips co. 



32 



Leather. 

Two sides of upper leather from tannery of John Harris, near Clarksville, John- 
son co. (50 vats, 2500 sides). 

1 side harness leather forwarded by Judge Rose, from tannery of John Harris. 
1 side sole leather forwarded by Judge Rose, " " 

1 sheepskin leather forwarded by Judge Rose, " " 

1 kipskin leather forwarded by Judge Rose, " " 

1 calfskin, tanned by James H. Harkredder, near Clarksville, Johnson co. 

Wool 
From stock raised by Dr. G. W. Lawrence, Hot Springs. 

Leicester wool (ewe) from imported English stock. 

Cotswold wool (buck); Kentucky premium. l'Ji lbs. cut in spring and fall 
shearings. 

Cotswold wool (ewe). 

Native white wool, improved. 

Leicester wool (buck). 

Native black wool. 

W. B. Scarborough, of Hot Springs, carded and put into rolls, at the Wool 
Mills, these fine specimens of Arkansas wool. 

Birds. 

The following prepared and mounted specimens of the birds of 
Arkansas were forwarded by the Institute for the Blind, at Little 
Rock, viz.: — 

Wild duck, crow, house-wren, blue bird, bobolink, sapsucker, red-beaded wood- 
pecker, blue jay, kingfisher, paroquet, flicker, bird hawk, robin, meadow lark, 
mocking bird, red bird, mammoth woodpecker, cock of the woods, and the snake 
killer or water turkey. 

There are also exhibited a fine specimen of the bald eagle, and of 
a ro} T al eagle, which was captured in Arkansas, and brought here 
alive, but died during the Exhibition. 

The Stone Age. 

The archetype relics on exhibition are chiefby from Indian 
mounds found in Hot Spring, Garland, Montgomery, and Phillips 
Counties, Arkansas, and consist of vases, water-carriers, howls, 
mortars, pestles, rollers, discoidal stones, scrapers, skin dressers 
and polishers, axes, hatchets, lances, darts, pipes, beads, amulets, 
ponays or Indian money, hand hammers, sling balls, balls for games, 
plough points, knives and drills. These very rare specimens are 
chiefly from the cabinets of Dr. Lawrence, of Hot Springs, and 



D. B. McKenzie and W. J. yine} r ard, of Helena, Arkansas. Turtle 
stones, found in slate-formations, named from their resemblance to 
turtles' backs, are from the collection of Dr. Lawrence. 



Dr. Lawrence contributes from his collection at Hot Springs the 
following minerals and rocks collected from the State, and princi- 
pally from Magnet Cove, Hot Spring county : — 

Sulphur from iron pyrites ; 

Talc ; 

Rutile ; 

Piutile in quartz ; 

Rose quartz ; 

Smoky quartz ; 

Milky quartz ; 

Chert ; 



Manganite or black oxide of manganese ; 

Melanite or black garnets, crystallized ; 

Green, yellow, and black mica, crystal- 
lized ; 

Schorlamite, crystallized ; 

Quartz, crystallized ; 

Perofskite, crystallized ; 

Hornblende, crystallized ; 

Elteolite, crystallized ; Quartz schist 

Epidote, crystallized ; Burrstone ; 

Strontianite, crystallized; Hornblende porphyry: 

Arkansite or shepardite, crystallized ; Hornblende schist ; 

Iron pyrites, amorphous and crystal- Hornblende rock ; 
lized; Schorlamite rock; 

Lydian-stone or Touch-stone ; Novaculite 

Agate ; Quartzite ; 

Perofskite with quartz ; Syenite : 

Hydrotitanite ; Granite. 

Menaccanite or titanic iron ; 

From the same collection are shown the following gems, cut by 
M. Shea, lapidist, of Hot Springs, and unsurpassed for elegant 
workmanship: Agates, dendritic and other novaculites, carnelian, 
garnets, nephrite, precious serpentine, rock crystal, smoky quartz, 
quartz with chlorite, quartz pebble, and a variety of other quartzes. 

The collection of crystallized quartz is acknowledged by English, 
German, and Russian connoisseurs as the best in the Exhibition. 
The collection is from Pulaski, Saline, Garland, Hot Spring, Mont- 
gomery, and Polk Counties, and justifies Arkansas's familiar name 
— " The Crystal State." 



PAINTINGS, PHOTOGRAPHS, AND DRAWINGS. 

Oil Paintings. 

Portrait of Hon. Chester Ashley, of Arkansas, Chairman Judiciary Comt 

U. S. Senate, 1846. 
Portrait of ex-Gov. H. M. Rector, of Arkansas, by E. D. Betts. 
The "Arkansaw Traveller," by Fortenbury, of Little Rock. 1876. 

3 



34 



Photographs. 
Portrait of Col. S. C Faulkner, the original "Arkansaw Traveller." 
Portrait of R. W. Johnson, ex-U. S. Senator. 
Portrait of Dr. Dodge, of Little Rock, 
Portrait of Col. B. S. Johnson, of Little Rock. 
Portrait of Hon. W. R. Miller, of Batesville. 
Portrait of ex-Gov. Elisha Baxter, of Batesville. 
Deaf-Mute Institute, Little Rock. 
St. Mary's Academy, Little Rock, established 1851. 
State House. Little Rock, by Alford. 
Business Block on Markham St., Little Rock, by Alford. 
Business Block on Main and 4th Sts., Little Rock. 
Block, Metropolitan Hotel, Little Rock. 
Old Fulton Place, Little Rock, residence of Wm. Hunter. 
Residence of Geo. E. Dodge, U. S. Cent. Comm'r, Little Rock. 
Views, by Schaeffer and Pickels, by Prof. F. W. Bankes, of Little Rock, and 
by J. F. Kennedy and J. W C. Clary, of Hot Springs. 

Architectural drawing. — High School Building, to be erected on Block 20, 
Little Rock. Green & Edwards, Architects. 

Map of State of Arkansas, showing the land-grant of the St. Louis, Iron 
Mountain, and Southern Railway — formerly the Cairo and Fulton — and the 
Little Rock and Fort Smith Railway. 1876. Pen drawing, 7 x6 feet, by 
Messrs. E. A. Douglas and Ed. H. Johnson, Civil Engineers of the above- 
named roads. 



The Institute for the Blind at Little Rock contributes the fol- 
lowing articles made by the pupils of that Institution, viz.: — 

Variegated bead work ; national flag and standard ; bead pockets and bead 

basket. 
Chain and ball cut with pocket knife out of a single piece of wood, by Samuel 

F. Christie, a totally blind man. 
Boy's full suit of clothing. 
Lot of brooms. 



MISCELLANEOUS. 

A counter, ordered by the State Centennial Commissioners, and manufactured 
by A. H. Ryan & Co., of Little Rock, contains 11 varieties of Arkansas 
woods. It is made to show the natural color and grain of the wood, and 
comprises the following: Black walnut, ash, mulberry, yellow pine, while 
holly, bois d'arc, sassafras, white oak, cherry, hackberry, and cedar. 

A tidy of tatten work made and exhibited by Miss Flattie B. Nichols, of Gal- 
loway Station; required 73 days' work and 2400 yards of No. 10 spool cot- 
ton for its completion, and contains 129,125,900 stitches. 



35 

A bedstead, made by A. IT. Ryan & Co., of native walnut, corrugated pine, 

and white holly: elaborately carved. 
A camp-kettle, used during the Revolutionary War by Henry Buren, a Con- 
tinental soldier from Virginia, wlio moved to Tennessee iti the latter part 

of the last century. Contributed by Celia Lee, one of his descendants, and 

who was born in Arkansas. Forwarded by Judge Rose. 
Improved cotton hoe and wedge. Charles McDermott. Phillips co. 
3 samples of jeans, 2 of flannel, and 2 of woollen goods. Powhatan Mfg. 

Co., Powhatan, Lawrence co. 
One oxhorn and one spring gourd, each 3 feet 3 inches long. Faulkner co. 
Sweet potatoes, some over 7 lbs. in weight. Geo. L. Kimball. Yell co. 
Apparatus for locking printers' forms. Patented by W. H. Windsor. Little 

Rock. 
Specimens of monumental and building granite from the lines of the Little 

Rock and Ft. Smith; the St. Louis, Iron Mountain, and Southern, and the 

Memphis and Little Rock Railroads. 
Stooling from one grain of wheat, showing 287 stalks. Dr. G. W. Lawrence. 

Garland co. July 1, 1875. 
Stooling of oats; 83 stout stalks from one grain. 
6 barrels of corn on the cob. Wm. B. Cotton. Pulaski co. 
Specimens of skein silk ; the worms fed on the leaves of the native mulberry ; 

the silk spun and manufactured by Miss Mary Washington, of Fayetteville, 

Arkansas, a distant relative of Gen. Washington. Also an article in crochet 

work from the same silk, made by Miss Washington. 
Medal presented to the celebrated Indian Chief, Red Jacket, in 1792— the 

first ever presented by President Washington ; now the property of Dr. 

Lawrence. 
Hunting-horn, inscribed E. B. H., July 4, 1876, cut with penknife and file; 

contributed by Edward Houston, Pine Bluff, Ark. 
Contributions of apples from D. C. Williams, Van Buren ; Dr. Thurston, Van 

Buren Nurseries ; Arnold O'Bryan, Crawford co. ; and Judge Carnall. 



ARKANSAS EXHIBITS IN OTHER BUILDINGS. 

lolanthe. Bust modelled in butter, in the Woman's Pavilion, by Mrs. Caro- 
line S. Brooks, of Helena, Ark. 

Arkansas cotton-bale, in Agricultural Hall, which took the first ($1000) pre- 
mium and the second (-$500) premium at the Cotton Exchange, Memphis, 
1876 ; exhibited by Tennessee factors. 

Arkansas cotton-bale, premium for present year, in same building, by Louis- 
iana factors. 

Case of silver graduated bougies; Lawrence's improved curve; manufac- 
tured by Otto & Sons, New York; exhibited in Main Building by Dr. Law- 
rence. 



36 



NEWSPAPERS. 



There are sixty-five newspapers published in the State, seven of 
which are issued clailj*. Of these the following have been on file 
in the Commissioners' room during the Exhibition : — 



Gazette, 


Little Rock, 


W. E. Woodruff, J 


r., 


Daily. 


Herald, 


Little Rock, 


T. C. Peck & P. A. 


Ladue, 


Daily. 


Herald, 


Little Rock, 


T. C. Peck & P. A. 


Ladue, 


Weekly. 


Evening Star, 


Little Rock, 


John McClure, 




Daily. 


Spirit of Arkansas, 


Little Rock, 


W. A. Webber, 




Weekly. 


Free Tress, 


Little Rock, 


Chas. Miller, 




( German 
'( Weekly. 


New Era, 


Ft. Smith, 


V. Dell, 




Weekly. 


Herald, 


Ft. Smith, 


J. H. Sparks, 




Weekly. 


The State, 


Lewisburg, 


W. C. Stout, 




Weekly. 


White County Record, 


Searcy, 


Jacob Frolick, 




Weekly. 


Beacon, 


Camden, 


J. S. Holmes, 




Weekly. 


Democrat, 


Fayetteville, 


E. B. & W. B. Moore, 


Weekly. 


Democrat, 


Russellville, 


J. E. Battenfield, 




Weekly. 


Press, 


Van Buren, 


J. S. Dunham, 




Weekly. 


Independent Arkansian, 


Dardanelle, 


M. M. McGuire, 




Weekly. 


Index, 


Marianna, 


R. M. Prewett, 




Weekly. 


Magnet, 


Beebe, 


J. H. Balding, 




Weekly. 


Despatch, 


Prescott, 


J. P. Fagin, 




Weekly. 


Democrat, 


Texarkana, 


G. H. Wooten, 




Weekly. 


Arkansas Sentinel, 


Fayetteville, 


J. R. Pettigrew, 




Weekly. 


World, 


Helena, 


W. R. Burke, 




Daily. 


Mail, 


Helena, 


S. D. Lewis & Sor 


, 


Daily. 


Telegraph, 


Hot Springs, 


Dr. H. M. Rector, 


Jr., 


Daily. 


Courier — Advertiser, 


Hot Springs, 


L. S. Allard. 




Daily. 



PAMPHLETS. 



Full supplies of the following pamphlets have been received and 
liberally distributed during the Exhibition : — 



P.esources of the State of Arkansas. By James P. Henry. 

New Arkansas Traveller. T. B. Mills & Co. Little Rock. 

Homes in Arkansas. L. R. & F. S. R. W. 

Centennial Diaries. L. R, & F. S. R. W. 50,000 copies. 

Lauds in the South. S. L., I. M. & S. R. W. 

Lands for sale in Arkansas. S L., I. M. & S. R. W. 

Address on Arkansas. Hon. David Walker. 

New South West. 0. P. Hedges & Co. 

The American Baden-Baden. 



Little Rock. 



37 

Catalogue of St. John's College, Little Rock, 1875-76. 

Catalogue of Arkansas Industrial University, Fayetteville. 

Catalogue of Judsonia University, Judsonia, 1875-76. 

Report of Arkansas Institute for the Blind, Little Rock, 1872-74. 

Report of Arkansas Institute for the Deaf and Dumb, Little Rock. 

Report of the Public Schools of Little Rock/o?- the year ending 1876. 

Report of the Superintendent of Public Instruction, 1869-70. Forwarded by 

Geo. W. Hill, Supt. of Public Instruction, Little Rock. 
Report of Arkansas College, Batesville, Ark., 1873. 



Exchanges in cereals with Arkansas have been made by Russia, 
Brazil, Belgium, Mexico, Canada, Victoria, Peru, Tasmania, New 
Hampshire, Nova Scotia, and the Lord Mayor of Glasgow. 

The following foreign governments and institutions have been 
supplied with some of the rare minerals found in the State: Russia, 
Brazil, Mexico, Canada, Nova Scotia, Academy of Natural Sciences 
of Philadelphia ; Mt. Union College of Mt. Union, Ohio ; State 
Museum, North Carolina ; State University of North Carolina ; 
Richmond College, Richmond, Ya. ; American Institute of Mining 
Engineers; Hampton Normal and Industrial Institute, Hampton, 
Ya. ; University oi Minnesota ; State Normal Institute, Blooms- 
burg, Penna. ; Notre-Dame University, Indiana; United States 
Naval Academy, Annapolis, Md. ; Powhatan College, Arkansas; 
U. S. Mint, Philadelphia, and Dartmouth College, New Hampshire. 



Pennsylvania Horticultural Society. 

Philadelphia, Nov. 15, 1876. 
Messrs. Geo. E. Dodge and Geo. W. Lawrence, 

U. S. Centennial Commissioners for Arkansas. 

Gentlemen : The samples of fourteen varieties of Arkansas apples you sent for 
a report by this Society were carefully examined by us, and, whilst they would 
compare favorably for size and beauty with any grown in this section, we feel it 
to be due to you to state that several of the specimens were over-ripe, and all of 
them were not shown under the most favorable circumstances after having been 
exposed in your building for some time. 

Nos. 1-4-10. "Shannon Pippin." This apple, of extraordinary size and beauty, 
of a greenish-white color, has a firm, white flesh, and excellent sweet flavor (the 
best in the collection). 

No. 2. Green stem ; striped red ; flesh white, sweet, and somewhat dry. 

Nos. 3-7. Kentucky Red; medium size; dark-red; flesh yellowish-white, flavor 
good. 

No. 5. Winesap ; this well-known and excellent variety, although good, was 
not in its best condition. 



38 

No. G. "Royal Reel." Large size; dark red; flesh white and tinged with red, 
rather tough, and not in good condition. 

No. 8. "Aueragh Pippins." Large size; yellow striped with red; flesh white, 
subacid, and good. 

No. 9. " Tulpahocken" (or Fnllawater) ; this well-known Penna. variety wag 
of large size and well grown, but not in its best condition as to flavor. 

No. 11. ''House.'' Small size; yellow color; flesh yellow, tough, and not in 
good condition. 

No. 12. Unknown. Large size; red striped and spotted; flesh yellow, acid, 
and rather dry. 

No. 14. Stevenson Pippin. Very large size; yellow, striped with red, 
sweetish, and good flavor. 

Respectfully submitted by 

J. E. MITCHELL, 
Chairman of Com. on Miscellaneous Fruits 
('HAS. P. HAYE8, 
Chairman of Com. on Apples. 



BUREAU OF AWARDS. 

International Exhibition, 1876. 

United States Centennial Commission. 

Philadelphia, Oct. 24, 1876. 

REPORT ON AWARDS. 

Group on National, State, and other collective exhibits. 
Name and address of exhibitor — State of Arkansas. 

The undersigned, having examined the products herein described, respectfully 
recommend the same to the United States Centennial Commission for Award, for 
the following reasons, viz.: — 

For a large, well-planned State Building on the Centennial grounds, combining 
some striking and unique features in its construction, deserving of special men- 
tion. 

Also for a large, comprehensive, and very attractive exhibit of the Natural and 
Industrial Products of the State of Arkansas, embracing a valuable Mineral Col- 
lection ; a large collection of the native Woods ; also of the Agricultural Products, 
and especially of Corn and Cotton, the latter equalling any fil>re of its kind raised 
in the United States ; all of which collections are very tastefully and systemati- 
cally arranged for the inspection of visitors. 

C. JUHLIN DAN'NFELT, Chairman. 

J. A. JOHNSON, 

E. OLDENDORFF, 

T. E. SICKELS, 

T. W. TALLMADGE, 

Ju<lges. 






09 



Statistics showing the Condition and Products of Forty 
Counties for the Year 18*75. 













ACRES IN CULTIVATION. 




Cotton. 


Wheat. 


Corn. 


Oats. 


Arkansas 


9,250 


2,500 


18,950 


3,000 


Ashley 










20,000 


2,500 


15,000 


5,000 


Baxter 










6,000 


4,000 


15,000 


2,000 


Bradley 










8,700 


2,500 


11,500 


2,200 


Clay 










3,417 


1,872 


10,867 


1,006 


Columbia . 










34,000 


3,600 


28,000 


2,400 


Calhoun . 










6,500 


150 


10,000 


450 


Chicot 










36,000 


100 


8,000 


400 


Clark 










13,288 


5,583 


15,500 


2,792 


Conway 










69,000 


11.000 


45,000 


6.000 


Craighead 










7.500 


4,000 


10,600 


800 


Drew 










17,000 


3,000 


22,000 


4,100 


Dallas 










8,000 


1,000 • 


10,000 


1,200 


Fniton 










2,000 


10,000 


25,000 


3,000 


Faulkner . 










9,555 


3.611 


19,110 


4,000 


Greene 










4,192 


3,117 


11,127 


1,391 


Johnson . 










2,800 


2,120 


5,000 


1,000 


Jefferson . 










59,010 


1,730 


19,660 


310 


Lee . 










35,000 


3,000 


10,000 


2,000 


Lincoln 










13,566 


1,000 


5,034 


700 


Lafayette . 










30,000 


3,000 


20,000 


2,000 


Lonoke 










20,000 


5,000 


30,000 


5,000 


Monroe 










11,000 


1,000 


6,000 


1,000 


Montgomery 










1,550 


3,867 


7,617- 


1,100 


Nevada 










15,000 


3,000 


25,000 


2,000 


Perry 










4,000 


1,000 


8,000 


800 


Prairie 










10,472 


1,870 


12,400 


1,530 


Pike 










2,000 


1,500 


3,000 




Phillips . 










67,000 


4,000 


26,000 


4,000 


Randolph 










5,000 


2,000 


25,000 


3,000 


Sevier 










7,000 


3,500 


8,500 


2,500 


Searcy 










4,000 


7,045 


21,134 


3,000 


Scott 










2,000 


2,000 


3,000 


300 


Sebastian . 










10,117 


10,377 


21,932 


4,862 


St. Francis 










18,000 


2,000 


7,000 


700 


Sharp 










8,000 


3,500 


14,000 


3,000 


Union 










45,000 


400 


50,000 


1,500 


Van Buren 










4,500 


2,500 


6,000 


3,000 


Woodruff . 










20,735 


897 


15,430 


1,006 


Yell . 










12,000 


10,000 


25,000 


5,000 



Note.— Tabulated from the reports of the county clerks to the commissioner of State lands. 
Vide Arkansas in 1S75, by J. N. Smithee,Commissioner, Little Rock, 1S76. This valuable work, 
from which the compiler of the present volume has tabulated these statistics, shows a progress 
from the last census, and especially from 1S7-1 to 1S75, which is the most notable in the history 
of the State. The immigration for the latter year is estimated at 50,000. A large area of laud was 
cleared and put in cultivation, new farm-houses were erected, and au exceptional spirit of 
progress pervaded the State ; the whole making the eve of the centennial year a period of un- 
exampled prosperity. The counties above enumerated embrace about one-half the entire State 



40 



Statistics showing the Condition and Products of Forty 
Counties. — Continued. 











ACRES IN CULTIVATION. 






Rye. 


Irish 
Potatoes. 


Sweet 
Potatoes. 


Grass. 


JUNES. 


Arkansas ..... 


450 


GOO 


950 


400 




Ashley . 








1000 


450 


900 


50 




Baxter 








500 


200 


300 


500 




Bradley . 








150 


100 


2--.il 


25 




Clay . 










100 


40 


60 




Columbia . 








1500 


500 


2500 


50 




Calhoun 








75 


150 


600 


10 




Chicot 










200 


300 


20,00(1 




Clark 








931 


349 


798 


121 


4 


Conway 








500 


1500 


2500 


1000 




Craighead 








100 


100 


250 


500 




Drew 








320 


150 


350 


50 




Dallas 








500 


200 


300 






Fulton 








1000 


150 


500 


"256 




Faulkner . 








800 


394 


450 


300 


2 


Greene 








53 


50 


75 


174 




Johnson 








25 


185 


220 


100 


8 


Jefferson . 










1272 


1460 


31 tons 




Lee . 








"800 


300 


500 


700 


1 


Lincoln 








100 


50 


100 


100 




Lafayette . 








1000 


1000 


2000 






Lonoke 








500 


200 


500 


1606 




Monroe 








500 


150 


200 


1000 




Montgomery 








50 


60 


40 




50 


Nevada 








1000 


200 


400 






Perry 










200 


200 


100 


1 


Prairie 








150 










Pike 








100 


"206 


"250 






Phillips . 










2000 


4000 


3000 




Randolph . 








"506 


1000 


750 


500 


G 


Sevier 








100 


20 


200 


20 


4 


Searcy 








1000 


500 


600 


10U0 


11 


Scott 








50 


50 


100 


25 


8 


Sebastian . 








372 


102 


171 


390 




St. Francis 








100 


400 


650 


500 




Sharp 








1000 


350 


400 


450 


1 


Union 








600 


600 


2000 


25 




Van Buren 








100 










Woodruff . 








140 






466 




Yell . 








150 


"io'6 


200 


50 


2 



41 



Statistics shovring the Condition and Products of Forty 
Counties Continued. 



1 




No. of 


No. of Mills 






No. of 


No. of 


Immi- 


and Manu- 


Value of 




Schools. 


Pupils. 


grants. 


factories. 


Manufactures. 


Arkansas 


25 


900 


300 


6 


$15,000 


Ashley . 








31 


3,287 




12 




Baxter . 








10 


1,000 




6 


12,000 


Bradley 








20 


1,000 


200 


9 


9,000 


Clay _. 








6 


2,200 


135 


9 


21,000 


Columbia 








54 


1,200 


800 


23 


33,000 


Calhoun 








18 


600 


... 


2 


2,500 


Chicot . 








20 


1,000 


1000 


8 


14,000 


Clark . 








25 


500 


50 


15 


45,000 


Conway 








50 


3,400 


400 


32 


100,000 


Craighead 








5 


125 


200 


28 


28.000 


Drew 








52 


2,850 


250 


12 


25,000 


Dallas . 








40 


800 




15 


6,000 


Fulton . 








70 


3,000 


500 


50 


50,000 


Faulkner 








40 


1,200 


640 


10 


12,000 


Greene . 








25 


600 


200 


15 


15,000 


Johnson 








25 


1,250 


200 


17 


41,280 


Jefferson 








43 


2,307 


700 


29 


151,000 


Lee 








20 


600 




13 


40,000 


Lincoln . 








35 


2,253 


25 


6 


15,000 


Lafayette 








50 


10.000 


2000 


15 


20,200 


Lonoke . 








40 


2,000 


50 


12 


250,000 


Monroe . 








24 


600 ' 


100 


20 


25,000 


Montgomery 








36 


1,298 




10 


4,000 


Nevada . 








50 


800 


300 


13 


20,000 


Perry . 








4 


100 


50 


6 


15,000 


Prairie . 








13 




420 


6 


18,500 


Pike . 








10 


'306 




10 


80,000 


Phillips 








35 


3,500 


500 


40 


200,000 


Randolph 








50 


2,000 


500 


6 


50,000 


Sevier . 








10 


200 


150 


14 


6,000 


Searcy . 








40 


3,000 


200 


12 


20,000 


Scott . 








20 


400 


500 


25 


20,000 


Sebastian 








6 


300 




24 




St. Francis 








23 


831 


1725 


5 


'9,660 


Sharp . 








22 


600 


300 


50 


65,000 


Union . 








45 


4,000 


200 


19 


41,000 


Van Buren 


















Woodruff 








"i 


"260 




5 


20* 000 


Yell 






40 


2,000 


10*00 


40 


66,000 



42 



Statistics showing the Condition and Products of Forty 
Counties. — Continued. 





Horses. 


Mules. 


Cattle. 


Sheep. 


Hogs. 


Arkansas 


2553 


961 


15,733 


2106 


11,874 


Ashley . 






1628 


1000 


11,000 


2000 


12,000 


Baxter . 






1386 


386 


4,743 


4520 


7,335 


Bradley 






1229 


423 


6,590 


1272 


6,015 


Clay . 






1329 


463 


4,654 


2394 


7,056 


Columbia 






594 


1740 


8,810 


5094 


12,117 


Calhoun 






772 


523 


4,768 


1370 


4,813 


Chicot . 






1500 


2000 


4,475 


750 


3,200 


Clark . 






2221 


1078 


9,110 


2447 


11,036 


Conway . 






1900 


650 


7,506 


3036 


12,050 


Craighead 






1350 


440 


5,163 


2.173 


6,309 


Drew 






1597 


1235 


10,128 


2584 


10,756 


Dallas . 






960 


529 


5,610 


1883 


7,813 


Fultou . 






3000 


750 


6,000 


6500 


10,000 


Faulkner 






2863 


735 


9,457 


4229 


1 1.7'/) 


Greene . 






1223 


595 


5,264 


1906 


6,521 


Johnson 






1575 


637 


6,188 


4576 


9,290 


Jefferson 






2575 


3680 


2,808 


1579 


22,000 


Lee 






1623 


1400 


8,490 


1556 


5,245 


Lincoln . 






1375 


1160 


5,767 


2165 


4,969 


Lafayette 






2660 


1575 


9,900 


1500 


10,000 


Lonoke . 






1690 


1102 


8,451 


2371 


9,631 


Monroe . 






1250 


2500 


6,000 


600 


4,000 


Montgomery 






1007 


339 


4,697 


1962 


4.'. i75 


Nevada . 






1700 


1400 


6,000 


3598 


9,590 


Perry . 






985 


210 


4,121 


962 


5,360 


Prairie . 






1339 


753 


9,658 


994 


7,109 


Pike 






1079 


381 


4,708 


3837 


7,024 


Phillips 






1776 


2360 


5,506 


1756 


5,000 


Randolph 






2836 


925 


8,589 


7584 


13,150 


Sevier . 






1321 


460 


5,966 


1801 


7,500 


Searcy . 






2059 


5622 


646 


5345 


1,056 


Scott . 






2167 


517 


8,110 


3338 


9,278 


Sebastian 






3557 


1111 


13,587 


5623 


14,144 


St. Francis 






1357 


546 


5,752 


'.'24 


4,449 


Sharp . 






3000 


700 


8,500 


9000 


11,000 


Union 






1500 


1084 


8,559 


2569 


12,293 


Van Buren 






2000 


450 


7,500 


4000 


12,000 


Woodruff 






1042 


761 


4,599 


644 


4,579 


Yell 






2780 


772 


9,534 


3679 


12,946 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



019 930 454 9 » 



/ 



Conservation Resources 
Lig-Free® Type I 
Ph 8.5, Buffered 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



019 930 454 9 



Conservation Resources 
Lig-Free® Type I 
Pb 8.5, Buffered 



